Lumbar Metastatic Disease Diagnosis

Lumbar Metastatic Disease Diagnosis Arlena Davis What extra chronicled data would you like to gather from the patient? Social insurance experts should accumulate verifiable data from the patient when diagnosing lumbar agony. Social affair chronicled data guarantees appropriate finding of lumbar torment and treatment. The accompanying authentic data would be acquired from the patient. The specialist will decide if the patient has had any spinal issues since birth. Additionally, the specialist will decide if the patient has had lumbar agony previously and any treatment. Furthermore, the doctor will decide if the lumbar torment was unexpected or steady. This is by requesting that the patient depict how the torment started. Further, the patient will be required to state what increments or diminishes the torment including rest or movement. Moreover, understanding the family ancestry is indispensable in diagnosing lumbar agony. The wellbeing expert ought to decide whether there is family ancestry of lumbar agony. The specialist decides if the patient is experiencing any malady that may cause the lumbar ago ny. Wounds and mishaps can cause lumbar agony and the wellbeing expert ought to decide whether the patient had a mishap or injury. Wong, D.A., Transfeldt, E., Macnab, I. (2007). Macnab’s spinal pain. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins What extra physical assessment would it be a good idea for you to finish promptly and why? Physical assessment is crucial when diagnosing lumbar torment. Extra physical assessments are required to decide if the patient has lumbar torment or not. The patient will complete a few developments while sitting, resting and standing. This will make it simple to evaluate solid and tangible issues causing the torment. Palpation is basic in recognizing the influenced zone. Palpation enables the specialist to feel delicacy and arrangement of joints. This distinguishes the excited lumbar territory. Likewise, looking at the leg beat as agony builds the beat. General assessment of legs and trunk is done to distinguish the reasons for the lumbar agony. Straight leg testing and nerve tests are done to decide if the patient side effects are because of weight on the nerves or nerve pressure. Tollison, C.D., Satterthwaite, J.R., Tollison, J.W. (2002). Practical torment the board. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins What differentials would it be a good idea for you to consider? A differential conclusion is significant when diagnosing lumbar torment as various illnesses cause torment. Different maladies influencing the bladder, colon, mid-region aorta and kidney can cause torment. In this way, various tests ought to be performed to preclude the sicknesses. Stomach and pelvic ultrasounds are basic in precluding the maladies. Clinical and neurological perceptions ought to be done to wipe out the illnesses. CT, MRI, blood tests, pee tests, and complete blood tests are expected to separate various conclusions. Beirman, R., Bull, P., Eaton, S.(2011). Cases in differential determination for the physical and manipulative treatments. Australia: Elsiever Australia The clinical situation proposes what finding? The conclusion shows that the patient has lumbar metastatic illness. The in house lumbar x-beam demonstrated that lumbar vertebrae had injuries which are an indication for metastatic ailment. The metastatic illness causes torment in the lumbar region. Metastatic infection happens when malignancy cells split away from a harmful tumor and travel however the blood and lymph vessels to different areas including the lumbar vertebrae. The malignancy cells settle in the lumbar vertebrae and begin to develop and deliver new tumors. The metastatic ailment packs or harms nerves and causes torment. Rabbani, S.A., Singh, G. (2007). Bone metastasis: Experimental and clinical therapeutics. New York City: Springer For what reason does he have a raised calcium and antacid phosphatase? The patient has elevated levels of soluble phosphate and calcium. He has basic phosphates of 850 and calcium of 11. The elevated levels of calcium and antacid phosphates are because of the metastatic sickness. Disease cells influence the bones including lumbar vertebrae and harm them. Calcium is discharged into the blood as the disease cells harm the bones. The degree of calcium in the blood increments as more bones are harmed. The significant levels of calcium in the blood lead to loss of craving. The degrees of basic phosphates increment as the harmed bones break up. In this manner, the elevated levels of antacid phosphates and calcium show that the lumbar vertebrae are harmed and have broken up. The raised degrees of salt phosphates can likewise be because of liver harm as the patient has hepatomegaly. Lipton, An et al. (2011). The Science and Practice of Bone Health in Oncology: Managing Bone Loss and Metastasis in Patients With Solid Tumors. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, s1-s30 For what reason does he have hepatomegaly and raised ALT/AST? The patient has hepatomegaly which is the growing of the liver. Disease metastases cause the liver to expand. The patient has a swollen liver due to the metastatic sickness. Malignant growth cells have spread to the liver and caused irritation or expanding of the liver. Liver capacity tests are utilized to decide liver working or the state of a patient’s liver. The tests incorporate AST and ALT. The AST and ALT tests were done to decide if the patient had liver harm. AST and ALT levels are raised if the patient has liver harm. The patient’s AST and ALT levels are 600 and 700 separately. The AST and ATL levels can increment unexpectedly indicating an abrupt liver physical issue or step by step portraying proceeding with liver harm. Therefore, the patient AST and ALT levels are high since he has liver injury brought about by the metastatic infection. Wallach, J.B.(2007). Interpretation of symptomatic tests. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins What extra screening blood test can assist you with affirming your conclusion? For what reason is it utilized? There are distinctive blood tests that can be utilized to affirm metastatic illness conclusion. Blood sciences should be possible. A blood test is done to decide the measure of calcium in the blood. Calcium breaks up in the blood after bones are harms and this expands calcium levels. The patient is said to have metastatic illness in the event that he has irregular degrees of calcium(high levels).A blood test is done to decide the degree of soluble phosphates in the blood as significant levels show metastatic infection. A total blood check should likewise be possible as patients with metastatic bone infections have no enough red platelets. Schwab, M. (2008). Encyclopedia of disease. New York City: Springer References Beirman, R., Bull, P., Eaton, S. (2011). Cases in differential conclusion for the physical and manipulative treatments. Australia: Elsiever Australia Lipton, An et al. (2011). The Science and Practice of Bone Health in Oncology: Managing Bone Loss and Metastasis in Patients With Solid Tumors. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, s1-s30 Rabbani, S.A., Singh, G. (2007). Bone metastasis: Experimental and clinical therapeutics. New York City: Springer Schwab, M. (2008). Encyclopedia of disease. New York City: Springer Tollison, C.D., Satterthwaite, J.R., Tollison, J.W. (2002). Practical agony the executives. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Wallach, J.B. (2007). Interpretation of analytic tests. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Wong, D.A., Transfeldt, E., Macnab, I. (2007). Macnab’s spinal pain. Philadephia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins

Recruitment and selection for an IT manager&#8207 Essay

Enrollment and choice for an IT manager&#8207 - Essay Example It has once been said that the human asset in an association can either make or demolish the association. In the event that the individuals factor of an association is all around oversaw, at that point achievement is apparent and the inverse is additionally obvious. The human asset office has the obligation of recruiting and terminating representatives, paying, controlling, restraining and granting workers (Williams, 2001). The office controls and deals with the individuals factor in an association by setting approaches that manage and direct the human asset. These approaches frequently have a grand ramifications. The suggestion might be slanted to the positive in this way empowering the employing and support of a productive workforce. Notwithstanding, the approaches might be slanted to the negative in this manner representing a powerful lawful hazard for the association. This paper tries to feature the ramifications of human asset arrangements that depend on positive activity as a m ethods for methods for enrollment and choice (Kay and Banfield, 2008). Human asset arrangements might be interpreted to allude to the arrangement of efficient classified choices systematized by and association to help in the organization of the human factor in the association. The strategies likewise help in the administration of execution, the board of worker relations and the human asset arranging capacity. ... Worker desires for the organization Organization desires for the workers Nature of the association The working of arrangement and methodology in the association Satisfactory and unsatisfactory conduct Punishments and repercussions of unsuitable conduct The association in this manner utilizes these strategies to employ workforce. The arrangements contrast from one association top another. The recruiting procedure begins from the commercial of the opportunity to the favored up-and-comer being given the letter of arrangement (Transit Cooperative Research Program et al, 2002). Utilizing the approaches, every association has its individual technique that it uses to recruit the best and profoundly equipped laborers. This paper looks to feature the enlistment and choice procedure that can be applied in the enrollment of an IT chief. Among a horde of systems, the in-house enlistment technique is talked about and the whole procedure featured also along these lines demonstrating its advantages and disadvantages. The paper will begin with offering a foundation to the enrollment and determination technique before presenting a basic survey of enlistment and choice procedure for example the in-house enlistment system. 2.0 Background to the Recruitment and Selection Strategy The in-house enrollment methodology is frequently favored by greater part of the associations. It frequently utilized by the bigger businesses who like to do their own in-house enlistment (Williams, 2001). They do this utilizing their human asset divisions once in a while in a joint effort with enrollment organizations. In-house scouts regularly publicize work places that are empty for the most part on their official site or some other media

Your LinkedIn Profile Photo - Projecting the Right Image

Your LinkedIn Profile Photo - Projecting the Right Image I have now conducted 32 in-depth reviews of peoples LinkedIn profiles and one of the most common things I tell people is Consider getting a new photo. Some people have privacy considerations and choose not to post a picture to LinkedIn. If you do have confidentiality concerns, I respect your choice. However, there are reasons to include a photo in your LinkedIn profile. It builds trust and credibility and makes you a real person rather than simply an electronic profile. And its the first thing people notice. If you do choose to post a photo on LinkedIn, the first question to ask yourself is: What image do I want to project? Most of us will answer this question, A professional image, of course! Remember, this is LinkedIn. Its not Facebook for your friends or a dating website for your cute and sexy look. Yet heres what I found in many business peoples pictures (and I may be talking to you): Cars, computers, and random objects in the background (these draw attention away from you) Dark backgrounds that make it hard to see your face Other people:   girlfriends, kids, and drinking buddies (are you planning to bring them to your interview?) Dogs (are you planning to bring them to your interview?) Obvious cropping, creating an amateur look (maybe okay for Facebook, but not for LinkedIn) Long shots where we can?t see the persons face (whats the point?) If you were an employer or a client, what would your reaction be to these photos? To avoid these common blunders, I recommend to most people that they get a professionally done head shot in front of a plain light colored background. Thats the kind of photo that builds business credibility. (If you dont want to go to a studio, a white house will do the trick as a background all you need is a friend with a portrait lens.) There are exceptions to every rule. Perhaps if you are in real estate, you want your picture to be taken in front of a house you sold or you might just want your company logo in the corner of the photo. If you are in the travel industry, perhaps you want an exotic background. As a general rule, however, if its not relevant to your work, dont include it in the photo! And make sure we can see your face. Ask yourself: What image do I want to project? Then create a match for that image in your LinkedIn photo. Remember, a lot of people are looking.

Colours - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1027 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Have you ever thought that perhaps, the only colour in real life is white? White light is indeed the bearer of all colours. The colours we see are reflections bouncing off an object or are the light source itself. The light sources change and the colours with them. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Colours" essay for you Create order Colour is not a stable affair. Colour is light alone, but our experience is so direct that we trust our eye and believe that a colour is inherent to an object. Imagine living in a world where everything is white in colour! However, the world we live in is, thankfully, full of colours, and they trigger emotional responses as they influence our feelings and us. Interestingly, colours can sway thinking, change actions, and cause reactions. It can irritate or soothe your eyes, raise your blood pressure or suppress your appetite. Colours are the basic things in life, yet it plays an important role in our life. However, most of us take it for granted. For example, each time we wake up to a brand new day, we would take it for granted that we can see the colours of our bedrooms. At night when we go to sleep, we do not count our blessings for the beautiful colours that we have been looking at all day. We are fortunate that we are able to see the many wondrous colours around us. Some cannot see them. They are colourblind. All that they can see is black and white. Some cannot even see anything. All they see is pitch black as they are blind. We take our eyesight for granted, that each new morning, when we open our eyes, we will be able to see the colours around us. What if one day, when we open our eyes and find that our room is in black and white, how dull life would be. Imagine a life without colours. A black and white rainbow, your favourite television program in black and white, every single item of clothing looks black and white, life would be so boring. Everywhere you look, each time you turn around, everything in sight is in black and white. Colours are linked to our moods. For example, green represents jealousy, red represents anger, blue represents sadness, and yellow represents cheerfulness and so on. As a powerful form of communication, colours are irreplaceable. Red means stop and green means go. Traffic lights send this universal message. Likewise, the colours used for a product, web site, business card, or logo cause powerful reactions. We would usually go for the brighter and more colourful design as it looks more appealing and interesting to us. If colours never exist, the world would be such a dark and gloomy place. In a picture, colours capture the mood of the moment. It shows the atmosphere of the picture without you actually being there to witness it. The evolution of cameras is the change from black and white pictures to coloured pictures. Pictures that are usually dark and gloomy give a sad and angry feeling, mostly it being a sad occasion. Pictures that are bright and cheerful usually give a happy feeling, mostly it being a joyous occasion. Colours also show the ambience of an occasion. For example, during Chinese New Year, the colours used to decorate their house are very important as to the Chinese, colours means a lot. Red, would be the primary decorative colour as it is an auspicious colour. It helps to keep evil away. Orange and yellow are also used in the decorations. Orange combines the energy of red and the happiness of yellow. It is associated with joy and sunshine. Orange represents enthusiasm, happiness and success. Yellow connotes royalty, prosperity and luck. Likewise, during a funeral, black and white are used as it stands for mourning and cheerless occasions. Black is for the loss, and white for their passing onto the heavens. There are also different meanings when you wear a certain coloured cloth. For example, during the Elizabeth era, the colours of clothing worn provided instant information about the person wearing them. A man or women who wore purple clothes would be immediately recognized as a member of royalty. Gold, silver, crimson or scarlet, deep indigo blue, violet colours and even deep black and pure white colours were only worn by the highest nobility in the land. The colours of Elizabethan clothes provided information about the status of the man or woman wearing them. This was not just dictated by the wealth of the person, it also reflected their social standing. An interesting fact about colours is that certain colours can reduce energy consumption! The scientific fact is that white reflects the radiant energy rays of the sun and black absorbs them. The same principle has a significant impact on a house. The hotter the roof is, the hotter the air in the rooms below and the hotter the air is, the cooler we will on our air-conditioners, thus, making use of more energy. However, light coloured roofing are like a white shirt for your house because they reflect radiant energy. Even a light grey hue is better than a blue or green. There are also the symbolic meanings for colours in dreams. The purpose of colour in a dream is to act as a healing agent or guide. The character in the dream who wears the colour and the position of the colour relative to the dreamer are important in interpreting the meaning of the colour. For example, a colour above the dreamer, like in the sky, indicates something the dreamer needs to strive for. The following is a list of colours and their general meanings in dreams: violet represents spiritual understanding; indigo represents perception; blue represents philosophy or expression; green represents sharing, harmony ore balance; yellow represents elimination; orange represents assimilation; and red represents creative energy. We have always taken the beautiful colours we see for granted, never really thinking and reflecting in the many ways in which colours affects our lives. Perhaps we should start to count our blessings before it is too late, when things become as black as white as this paper and ink.

The Human Girl - 4263 Words

Upon his first glimpse of the human girl, Banni the dragon fell immediately in love. It didn t matter that the object of his infatuation was small and had no scales or claws. It didn t matter that she walked on two legs and possessed no wings at all. It didn t even matter that she could not breathe fire, which was a dragon s pride and glory. To Banni, the human girl was the most beautiful creature he had ever laid eyes on. Ever since he was a hatchling, Banni had been fascinated by humans. He would always listen enthralled to the tales that his grandmother told about the tiny beings that had none of a dragon s strength but yet at times could be far more dangerous. No other dragon Banni knew was so captivated by humans. To the other†¦show more content†¦On this certain occasion, Banni had ventured nearer to the village than he had ever done before. He had been studying a human chopping wood when the girl emerged from a nearby dwelling. The girl carried food, and the scent of freshly-cooked meat had caused Banni s mouth to water. But the food failed to captivate his attention for long. The only word that Banni could think of to describe the girl was beautiful. Her skin was pale with a tinge of rose. Her eyes were a radiant aquamarine, but it was her hair that entranced Banni and bestowed upon her an other-worldly appearance. Long and lustrous, the girl s hair was a fiery crimson, the same shade as Banni s scales. In the sunlight, her hair seemed to smolder and blaze like fire. The girl had given the food to the human who was chopping wood. He then said something, causing her to tilt her head back and laugh. The girl s laugh had resonated like tinkling bells, warm and cheery. From then on, Banni s heart was no longer his. Banni embarked on more frequent trips to the village just for a glimpse of the girl. He was gone so frequently that even his father, who was usually too preoccupied with his duties as clan leader, began to notice his disappearances. One day, Banni was approached by his father, Cerbera. My son, I am very worried about you. Is there something wrong? Banni feigned incomprehension. No, of course not. Why do you ask? Cerbera stared at him, clearly not convinced. I have been

Bigfoot Free Essays

Bigfoot Introduction: The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry is an organization that’s mission is to promote scientific inquiry, critical investigation, and the use of reason in examining controversial and extraordinary claims. (CSI) Pseudoscience’s are beliefs that claim to be science but do not meet the criteria of science. (Notes on Web unit 1 part 3) Pseudoscience in not based on scientific literature or on scientific experiments that have been peer reviewed. We will write a custom essay sample on Bigfoot or any similar topic only for you Order Now Coker 2001) It is based on someone saying that they did an experiment and got a certain result and that result not being tested in order to see if it can be duplicated therefore it is not falsifiable. (Coker 2001) There are many different pseudoscience’s, astrology, palm reading, and crystal healing are some more commonly known ones. Cryptozoology is one as well all of these can be found on The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry website. (CSI) Cryptozoology is the study of the unknown animal. (Michael Dennett Science and Footprints article) Materials and Methods: The belief of the existence of Bigfoot is cyptozoology. When you google the word bigfoot you will get 8,400,000 hits. (google search). The trash has to be weeded out which can be done by using google scholar’s advance search options and narrow down the field in which bigfoot research and scientific peer-reviewed articles can be found. Most of the reliable links lead back to the skeptical inquirer, which is a publication from The Committee of Skeptical Inquiry. Other resources used to support this paper were found at one of two libraries located in two different counties. All of the other literature at these libraries that was on Bigfoot was found in the fiction section, so was determined to be trash. A huge red flag for trash was if they site was a . com site. There is a huge amount of . com trash on Bigfoot as indicated by my Google search. As Mr. Stewart stated . com stands for commercial sites and it is known that commercial sites are used by anyone and everyone and are not peer-reviewed. Results: Timeline: The name Bigfoot came from the alleged footprints of the alleged animal. (Radford 2002) J. Bord and Colin Brod’s The Bigfoot Caslbook states that Bigfoot sightings date back to the 1830s. Some belivers think that Bigfoot lives all over the United States. (Radford 2002) Evidence: There are four types of evidence that has been brought forth as Bigfoot evidence. (Radford 2002) They are eyewitness sightings, footprints, recordings, and somatic samples which simpler put means hair and/or blood samples. (Radford 2002) There are numerous, reports of sightings, theories, and footprint casts from all over North America. Radford 2002) It is known that eyewitness testimony is the weakest form of evidence, like scientist, lawyers and judges want hard evidence to prove their case. (Radford 2002) The footprint tracks that have been classified as evidence to support Bigfoot believers have all varied in size, shape, and other factors that have been closely examined. (Radford 2002) How can there be such a difference and be from the same animal or species? The evidence contradicts it self. (Radford 2002) Ignoring evidence that conflicts is part of pseudoscience. Coker 2001) It is poor quality and most have been proven to be other animals or synthetic fibers. (Radford 2002) With so many gunshots fired at this creature where is the hard evidence. (Boston 2003) In Ben Radford’s review of The Field Guide to Bigfoot, Yeti, and Other Mystery Primates Worldwide, wrote by Loren Coleman and Patrick Huyghe published in 1999 by Avon Books, He points out that the believers who wrote the book cannot explain why claims of Bigfoot being killed presented no bones or bodies as evidence. Radford 2000) The book also claims that eyewitnesses even admitted they could have misidentified another animal as Bigfoot. (Radford 2000) A short film taken in 1967 by Roger Patterson and Bog Gimlin shows the alleged Bigfoot crossing a clearing. (Radford 2002) The question of it is a hoax or not is not important the important thing is the fact that the statement it cannot be a fake claim is able to be false. (Radford 2002) Don Grieve who is an anatomist specializing in human gait has concluded that the alleged Bigfoot gait that was claimed couldn’t have been made by a human in fact could have. Radford 2002) â€Å"The existence of a large primate such as Bigfoot especially in North America is almost impossibility speaking, because the discovery of a new mouse is big news these days. † stated by Dr. Richard W. Thorington, Jr. who in 1980 was the head primatologist in the Department of Vertebrate Zoology at the National Museum of Natural History in the Smithsonian Institution. (Wylie 1980) Money: â€Å"Some are doubters some believe, the rest of us just know†, this was the slogan of the 2006 Bigfoot Rendezvous Conference. Ben Radford was a speaker at this event. He stated â€Å"Enormous time money and energy have been spent trying to find Bigfoot. Today in 2006 we have more footprints than ever before. We have more photographs and videotapes and film footage than at any other time in history. The problem is not that we don’t have enough evidence; the problem is that that evidence is inconclusive at best. † (Radford 2006) He also made it clear that skeptics do detailed research. (Radford 2006) Tom Biscardi is an explorer that travels looking for Bigfoot, he and his crew was feature on our own KWII news searching the Paris, TX. rea for Bigfoot. (Gotera 2007) Him and his team get paid to explore for Bigfoot, one week of exploring can cost around $70,000. 00. (Gotera 2007) Thomas Biscardi also had a webpage that you could subscribe. (Dennett 2006) Patterson made a profit off of his film and book as well as the organization he started. (Radford 2002) News about a Bigfoot encounter generates money. (Dennett 2006) The Sci Fi Investiga tes is a television series that claims to investigate mysterious phenomena. (Radford 2007) It is for entertainment urposes and to make profits, even the cast that has no scientific credentials, has pointed out that eyewitness Bigfoot encounters are not explainable. (Radford 2007) A lot of the episodes aired are based on anecdotes, as previously stated anecdotes are not scientifically testable. (Radford 2007) In one episode they try to make a convincing Bigfoot film, by making this what did they prove about Bigfoot, nothing. (Radford 2007) The show lacks skeptical investigators for a reason if it wanted them the producers would have hired them, the bottom line is profits. Radford 2007) Conclusion: Science isn’t based on our beliefs it is based on investigation and repetition of results, pseudoscience is based on belief without data or results that can be repeated or explained. (Coker 2001) Often times pseudoscience is favored by our religious beliefs or cultural beliefs, relig ion and cultural beliefs are not testable in the realm of science they do not follow natural law. (Coker 2001) Cryptozoology is based mostly on anecdotal evidence which is evidence that cannot be tested, or proven falsifiable, which is why it is pseudoscience. Radford 2002) The monstrous amount of bad quality evidence has not lessened the popularity of the existence of Bigfoot. (Radford 2006) The search of Bigfoot for some people is what they pass their time doing it brings together people with a common interest. (Radford 2006) Bigfoot hobbyists enjoy the outdoors and the adventure of the possibility of seeing, hearing, or finding something to prove the existence. (Radford 2006) BACONS QUOTE Literature Cited Boston, Rob. 2003, Scenes from a Bigfoot Conference [Internet]. [cited 2011 Feb 8]; 13. 4 Available from: http://www. csicop. rg/sb/show/scenes_from_a_bigfoot_conference Coker, Rory. 2001. Science and Pseudoscience [Internet]. [cited 2011 March 22] Available from: http://www. qu ackwatch. org/01QuakeryRelatedTopics/pseudo. html Dennett, Michael. 2006, Experiments Cast Doubt on Bigfoot ‘Evidence’ [Internet]. [cited 2011 Feb. 8]; 16. 3 Available from: http://www. csicop. org/sb/show/exeperiments_cast_doubt_on_bigfoot_evidence Dennett, Michael. 2006, The Bigfoot Legend Lives [Internet]. [cited 2011 Feb. 8] ; 16. 1 Available from: http://www. csicop. org/sb/show/the_bigfoot_legend_lives Gotera, Daniel. 2007, The Hunt for Bigfoot [Internet]. cited 2011 March 22] Available from: http://www. kxii. com/home/headlines/11090741. html Radford, Ben. 2002, Bigfoot at 50 Evaluating a Half Century of Bigfoot Evidence [Internet]. [cited 2011 March 22] 26. 2 Available from: http:// http://www. csicop. org/sb/show/bigfoot_at_50_evaluating_a_half_century_of_bigfoot_evidence Radford, Ben. 2007, Sci Fi Investigates, Finds Only Pseudoscience [Internet] [cited 2011 March 10] 31. 2 Available from: http://www. csicop. org/sb/show/sci_fi_investigates_finds_only_pseudosc ience Radford, Ben. 2006, Among the Bigfooters [Internet] [cited 2011 March 10] Available from: http://www. csicop. org/sb/show/among_the_bigfooters Radford, Ben. 2000, The flawed Guide to Bigfoot [Internet] [cited 2011 March 22]; 24. 1 Available from: http://www. csicop. org/sb/show/flawed_guide _to_bigfoot/ Stewart, Bruce. Notes on the Web-Unit One-Part 3 Pseudoscience: A Cultural Pathogen [Internet] [cited 2011 Jan. 15] Available from: http://www. sciencethinking. org/zoology/pseudoscience. htm The Committee of Skepical Inquiry Website [Internet] [cited 2011 March 20] Available from: http://www. csicop. org/ Wylie, Kenneth. 1980, Bigfoot, New York (NY) The Viking Press; pages 150-153 How to cite Bigfoot, Essay examples

Luxury Good and Gucci free essay sample

Gucci‘s overall strategy was to vertically integrate to strengthen its overall brand image. After vertically integrating they acquired other luxury retailers to continue to grow horizontally and to increase economies of scope. The economics of the luxury goods industry changed forcing Gucci to modify its strategy. Consumers demand shifted from classic style buyers to style conscious buyers. Gucci not only had to change due to the economics of the industry but they also had several problems with their existing structure. Hence Gucci made the following moves to reposition it to compete in the new economics of the luxury goods industry. Gucci The partnership between DeSole and Ford addresses the company’s inability to have streamlined decision making and consistent branding throughout the company. By partnering product design and strategy, Gucci can now make product and business decisions that deliver a consistent message externally. All products and communications will support the brand image of a luxury goods retailer that Gucci wants to deliver to the marketplace. We will write a custom essay sample on Luxury Good and Gucci or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The cost cutting and targeted layoffs address Gucci’s poor cost structure. While profit margins were healthy, the extravagant spending by the former CEO was reducing profitability. The company had excess headcount in some areas and less in others. The layoffs improved Gucci’s cost structure and streamline the organization. Secondly, Gucci lacked the management talent to run a high end luxury company. By laying off underperforming managers and hiring experienced business executives, Gucci significantly improved the quality of its management team. The cash investment by PPR protects Gucci from hostile takeovers by competitors. The improvement in Gucci’s capital structure enables Gucci to move from an acquisition target to a potential acquirer of substitutes and new entrants. This is critical because in the fashion industry, new brands are always emerging in the market. The $3 billion dollar cash investment enables Gucci to protect its core market better. Additionally, the acquisition of YSL through the merger diversifies Gucci’s product portfolio and creates high barriers to entry. Buyers Due to changing consumer demands, Gucci started to focus on fashion in particular the â€Å"glamorous edge. † Since switching cost for consumers are low and consumers are now demanding new fashions every season focusing on seasonal trends competitively positioned Gucci against its rivals and impeded consumers from finding substitutes. Gucci changed its target consumer from an older more conservative buyer to a modern, youthful, fashion conscious one. Since all of Gucci’s competitors had the same target (30-50 year affluent women) going after a modern, youthful spirited consumer allows Gucci to focus on a different segment of the luxury market, capturing a different slice of the pie. To create loyalty, give consumers options, and to prevent consumers from switching and buying a substitute product Gucci decided to revolutionize their product assortments to correspond with the seasonal trends. In addition they increased the quality of their products comparable to Hermes and offered these products at a value to meet the consumer’s needs. Furthermore, Gucci tailored their product assortment in each DOS to local customers to attract more consumers in the local markets. To better forecast product demand for seasonal goods and to keep inventory costs down Gucci added customer intelligence to the decision making process to better understanding consumers buying behavior. In order to obtain higher profit margins and offer a comprehensive line of products it was necessary for Gucci to diversify its portfolio. Hence Gucci introduced items from scarves to fur coats. To remain focused and maintain its â€Å"luxury status†, Gucci did not introduce diffusion product lines. Gucci had initially set its prices too high hence reducing their retail prices by 30% was necessary to attract and maintain customer loyalty. In order to generate demand for the product Gucci doubled their advertising and turned Tom Ford into a celebrity hoping to attract media and attention from around the world. To restore Gucci’s image as a high end luxury goods retailer they renovated all of their stores to support this new image. In addition all internal and external communications had the same look and feel to convey a consistent brand identity. Furthermore, they reduced distribution through retail stores that didn’t support the new brand image regardless of sales. Gucci launched an official web site to create awareness and exhibit new product lines and to position themselves against their competitors. Suppliers Suppliers are a key driver of profitability—a key competitive force. Suppliers are responsible for delivering a premium product that satisfies the company’s standards in quality and that reflects Tom Ford’s creative vision. Without fast turnover to meet fashion forward trend demands and a quality product, the repositioning of the Gucci brand could not have taken place. To fulfill this vision Gucci created an incentive program to keep suppliers loyal to ensure a quality product was manufactured, on time delivery, and it would prevent the suppliers from forging relationships with Gucci’s competitors. In addition, Gucci made suppliers more efficient through technology and logistics investments, provided training for suppliers and built an EDI network allowing Gucci to efficiently communicate with partner suppliers through the production process. As more fashion products will be produced every season along with the classic products, delivery and meeting demand could become an issue if production processes are not efficient. Investing in suppliers ensures that supplier threat, which is high, is controlled and suppliers have incentives to stay with Gucci. Supplier threat is high because of there is an absence of substitutes suppliers. Switching costs are high for Gucci other suppliers may be producing for their rivals. Other suppliers may not deliver the quality and craftsmanship Gucci is expecting. In addition, other suppliers do not have experience in producing Gucci products (current suppliers have been with Gucci for long time). Hence they will have a longer learning curve slowing down the production process. There are few suppliers in specific regions: Gucci suppliers had production capacity to meet Gucci’s growth (20-30% a year). However, finding new suppliers would be going into Prada’s territory. With more growth, suppliers gained bargaining power with sub-suppliers and with Gucci. Initially, Gucci had power because suppliers worried that Gucci would go overseas for suppliers. Complementors Complementors are a not a high threat to Gucci because there only a few of them, media and advertising. Competition There are many firms in this industry because profit margins are high. However with the number and volume of MA activity on the rise, consolidation is imminent with a few big players left in the market. Consolidation among competition has given competitors lower cost structure resulting in a competitive advantage such as ad purchasing discounts and supplier negotiating power. The competitors have a diversified product portfolio to target multiple segments of the market. They dominate in particular segments, for example Hermes and leather bags. Since there is slow industry growth precipitating fights for market share is certain to occur. This may result in a high threat from competitors such as LVMH and Prada. Threat of Entry The threat of entry is low because brand identity and product differentiation has been well established in this industry. In addition, access to distribution channels is limited and the new entrant would be competing with already established channels of distribution for Gucci and others firms. Gucci and other competitors have substantial resources to fight back because they of their monetary resources and could obstruct the new entrant or buy them out. Luxury Good and Gucci free essay sample Gucci‘s overall strategy was to vertically integrate to strengthen its overall brand image. After vertically integrating they acquired other luxury retailers to continue to grow horizontally and to increase economies of scope. The economics of the luxury goods industry changed forcing Gucci to modify its strategy. Consumers demand shifted from classic style buyers to style conscious buyers. Gucci not only had to change due to the economics of the industry but they also had several problems with their existing structure. Hence Gucci made the following moves to reposition it to compete in the new economics of the luxury goods industry. Gucci The partnership between DeSole and Ford addresses the company’s inability to have streamlined decision making and consistent branding throughout the company. By partnering product design and strategy, Gucci can now make product and business decisions that deliver a consistent message externally. All products and communications will support the brand image of a luxury goods retailer that Gucci wants to deliver to the marketplace. We will write a custom essay sample on Luxury Good and Gucci or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The cost cutting and targeted layoffs address Gucci’s poor cost structure. While profit margins were healthy, the extravagant spending by the former CEO was reducing profitability. The company had excess headcount in some areas and less in others. The layoffs improved Gucci’s cost structure and streamline the organization. Secondly, Gucci lacked the management talent to run a high end luxury company. By laying off underperforming managers and hiring experienced business executives, Gucci significantly improved the quality of its management team. The cash investment by PPR protects Gucci from hostile takeovers by competitors. The improvement in Gucci’s capital structure enables Gucci to move from an acquisition target to a potential acquirer of substitutes and new entrants. This is critical because in the fashion industry, new brands are always emerging in the market. The $3 billion dollar cash investment enables Gucci to protect its core market better. Additionally, the acquisition of YSL through the merger diversifies Gucci’s product portfolio and creates high barriers to entry. Buyers Due to changing consumer demands, Gucci started to focus on fashion in particular the â€Å"glamorous edge. † Since switching cost for consumers are low and consumers are now demanding new fashions every season focusing on seasonal trends competitively positioned Gucci against its rivals and impeded consumers from finding substitutes. Gucci changed its target consumer from an older more conservative buyer to a modern, youthful, fashion conscious one. Since all of Gucci’s competitors had the same target (30-50 year affluent women) going after a modern, youthful spirited consumer allows Gucci to focus on a different segment of the luxury market, capturing a different slice of the pie. To create loyalty, give consumers options, and to prevent consumers from switching and buying a substitute product Gucci decided to revolutionize their product assortments to correspond with the seasonal trends. In addition they increased the quality of their products comparable to Hermes and offered these products at a value to meet the consumer’s needs. Furthermore, Gucci tailored their product assortment in each DOS to local customers to attract more consumers in the local markets. To better forecast product demand for seasonal goods and to keep inventory costs down Gucci added customer intelligence to the decision making process to better understanding consumers buying behavior. In order to obtain higher profit margins and offer a comprehensive line of products it was necessary for Gucci to diversify its portfolio. Hence Gucci introduced items from scarves to fur coats. To remain focused and maintain its â€Å"luxury status†, Gucci did not introduce diffusion product lines. Gucci had initially set its prices too high hence reducing their retail prices by 30% was necessary to attract and maintain customer loyalty. In order to generate demand for the product Gucci doubled their advertising and turned Tom Ford into a celebrity hoping to attract media and attention from around the world. To restore Gucci’s image as a high end luxury goods retailer they renovated all of their stores to support this new image. In addition all internal and external communications had the same look and feel to convey a consistent brand identity. Furthermore, they reduced distribution through retail stores that didn’t support the new brand image regardless of sales. Gucci launched an official web site to create awareness and exhibit new product lines and to position themselves against their competitors. Suppliers Suppliers are a key driver of profitability—a key competitive force. Suppliers are responsible for delivering a premium product that satisfies the company’s standards in quality and that reflects Tom Ford’s creative vision. Without fast turnover to meet fashion forward trend demands and a quality product, the repositioning of the Gucci brand could not have taken place. To fulfill this vision Gucci created an incentive program to keep suppliers loyal to ensure a quality product was manufactured, on time delivery, and it would prevent the suppliers from forging relationships with Gucci’s competitors. In addition, Gucci made suppliers more efficient through technology and logistics investments, provided training for suppliers and built an EDI network allowing Gucci to efficiently communicate with partner suppliers through the production process. As more fashion products will be produced every season along with the classic products, delivery and meeting demand could become an issue if production processes are not efficient. Investing in suppliers ensures that supplier threat, which is high, is controlled and suppliers have incentives to stay with Gucci. Supplier threat is high because of there is an absence of substitutes suppliers. Switching costs are high for Gucci other suppliers may be producing for their rivals. Other suppliers may not deliver the quality and craftsmanship Gucci is expecting. In addition, other suppliers do not have experience in producing Gucci products (current suppliers have been with Gucci for long time). Hence they will have a longer learning curve slowing down the production process. There are few suppliers in specific regions: Gucci suppliers had production capacity to meet Gucci’s growth (20-30% a year). However, finding new suppliers would be going into Prada’s territory. With more growth, suppliers gained bargaining power with sub-suppliers and with Gucci. Initially, Gucci had power because suppliers worried that Gucci would go overseas for suppliers. Complementors Complementors are a not a high threat to Gucci because there only a few of them, media and advertising. Competition There are many firms in this industry because profit margins are high. However with the number and volume of MA activity on the rise, consolidation is imminent with a few big players left in the market. Consolidation among competition has given competitors lower cost structure resulting in a competitive advantage such as ad purchasing discounts and supplier negotiating power. The competitors have a diversified product portfolio to target multiple segments of the market. They dominate in particular segments, for example Hermes and leather bags. Since there is slow industry growth precipitating fights for market share is certain to occur. This may result in a high threat from competitors such as LVMH and Prada. Threat of Entry The threat of entry is low because brand identity and product differentiation has been well established in this industry. In addition, access to distribution channels is limited and the new entrant would be competing with already established channels of distribution for Gucci and others firms. Gucci and other competitors have substantial resources to fight back because they of their monetary resources and could obstruct the new entrant or buy them out. Luxury Good and Gucci free essay sample Gucci‘s overall strategy was to vertically integrate to strengthen its overall brand image. After vertically integrating they acquired other luxury retailers to continue to grow horizontally and to increase economies of scope. The economics of the luxury goods industry changed forcing Gucci to modify its strategy. Consumers demand shifted from classic style buyers to style conscious buyers. Gucci not only had to change due to the economics of the industry but they also had several problems with their existing structure. Hence Gucci made the following moves to reposition it to compete in the new economics of the luxury goods industry. Gucci The partnership between DeSole and Ford addresses the company’s inability to have streamlined decision making and consistent branding throughout the company. By partnering product design and strategy, Gucci can now make product and business decisions that deliver a consistent message externally. All products and communications will support the brand image of a luxury goods retailer that Gucci wants to deliver to the marketplace. We will write a custom essay sample on Luxury Good and Gucci or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The cost cutting and targeted layoffs address Gucci’s poor cost structure. While profit margins were healthy, the extravagant spending by the former CEO was reducing profitability. The company had excess headcount in some areas and less in others. The layoffs improved Gucci’s cost structure and streamline the organization. Secondly, Gucci lacked the management talent to run a high end luxury company. By laying off underperforming managers and hiring experienced business executives, Gucci significantly improved the quality of its management team. The cash investment by PPR protects Gucci from hostile takeovers by competitors. The improvement in Gucci’s capital structure enables Gucci to move from an acquisition target to a potential acquirer of substitutes and new entrants. This is critical because in the fashion industry, new brands are always emerging in the market. The $3 billion dollar cash investment enables Gucci to protect its core market better. Additionally, the acquisition of YSL through the merger diversifies Gucci’s product portfolio and creates high barriers to entry. Buyers Due to changing consumer demands, Gucci started to focus on fashion in particular the â€Å"glamorous edge. † Since switching cost for consumers are low and consumers are now demanding new fashions every season focusing on seasonal trends competitively positioned Gucci against its rivals and impeded consumers from finding substitutes. Gucci changed its target consumer from an older more conservative buyer to a modern, youthful, fashion conscious one. Since all of Gucci’s competitors had the same target (30-50 year affluent women) going after a modern, youthful spirited consumer allows Gucci to focus on a different segment of the luxury market, capturing a different slice of the pie. To create loyalty, give consumers options, and to prevent consumers from switching and buying a substitute product Gucci decided to revolutionize their product assortments to correspond with the seasonal trends. In addition they increased the quality of their products comparable to Hermes and offered these products at a value to meet the consumer’s needs. Furthermore, Gucci tailored their product assortment in each DOS to local customers to attract more consumers in the local markets. To better forecast product demand for seasonal goods and to keep inventory costs down Gucci added customer intelligence to the decision making process to better understanding consumers buying behavior. In order to obtain higher profit margins and offer a comprehensive line of products it was necessary for Gucci to diversify its portfolio. Hence Gucci introduced items from scarves to fur coats. To remain focused and maintain its â€Å"luxury status†, Gucci did not introduce diffusion product lines. Gucci had initially set its prices too high hence reducing their retail prices by 30% was necessary to attract and maintain customer loyalty. In order to generate demand for the product Gucci doubled their advertising and turned Tom Ford into a celebrity hoping to attract media and attention from around the world. To restore Gucci’s image as a high end luxury goods retailer they renovated all of their stores to support this new image. In addition all internal and external communications had the same look and feel to convey a consistent brand identity. Furthermore, they reduced distribution through retail stores that didn’t support the new brand image regardless of sales. Gucci launched an official web site to create awareness and exhibit new product lines and to position themselves against their competitors. Suppliers Suppliers are a key driver of profitability—a key competitive force. Suppliers are responsible for delivering a premium product that satisfies the company’s standards in quality and that reflects Tom Ford’s creative vision. Without fast turnover to meet fashion forward trend demands and a quality product, the repositioning of the Gucci brand could not have taken place. To fulfill this vision Gucci created an incentive program to keep suppliers loyal to ensure a quality product was manufactured, on time delivery, and it would prevent the suppliers from forging relationships with Gucci’s competitors. In addition, Gucci made suppliers more efficient through technology and logistics investments, provided training for suppliers and built an EDI network allowing Gucci to efficiently communicate with partner suppliers through the production process. As more fashion products will be produced every season along with the classic products, delivery and meeting demand could become an issue if production processes are not efficient. Investing in suppliers ensures that supplier threat, which is high, is controlled and suppliers have incentives to stay with Gucci. Supplier threat is high because of there is an absence of substitutes suppliers. Switching costs are high for Gucci other suppliers may be producing for their rivals. Other suppliers may not deliver the quality and craftsmanship Gucci is expecting. In addition, other suppliers do not have experience in producing Gucci products (current suppliers have been with Gucci for long time). Hence they will have a longer learning curve slowing down the production process. There are few suppliers in specific regions: Gucci suppliers had production capacity to meet Gucci’s growth (20-30% a year). However, finding new suppliers would be going into Prada’s territory. With more growth, suppliers gained bargaining power with sub-suppliers and with Gucci. Initially, Gucci had power because suppliers worried that Gucci would go overseas for suppliers. Complementors Complementors are a not a high threat to Gucci because there only a few of them, media and advertising. Competition There are many firms in this industry because profit margins are high. However with the number and volume of MA activity on the rise, consolidation is imminent with a few big players left in the market. Consolidation among competition has given competitors lower cost structure resulting in a competitive advantage such as ad purchasing discounts and supplier negotiating power. The competitors have a diversified product portfolio to target multiple segments of the market. They dominate in particular segments, for example Hermes and leather bags. Since there is slow industry growth precipitating fights for market share is certain to occur. This may result in a high threat from competitors such as LVMH and Prada. Threat of Entry The threat of entry is low because brand identity and product differentiation has been well established in this industry. In addition, access to distribution channels is limited and the new entrant would be competing with already established channels of distribution for Gucci and others firms. Gucci and other competitors have substantial resources to fight back because they of their monetary resources and could obstruct the new entrant or buy them out.

Michealangelo Buonarrati essays

Michealangelo Buonarrati essays Michelangelo was truly one of the greatest artists that ever lived. Considered a master artist by his own generation he was very highly sought after and respected by true art coinsurers of the renaissance period. Many artists and musicians are not recognized as Masters until years after their death. Michelangelo was definitely held in high regard during the Renaissance period and throughout the ages. He was a very hard working, diligent artist who was never satisfied with his own work. He had very close ties with the Roman Catholic Church as many of his works depicted either Biblical scenes or characters. He used many types of medium to create his work but considered himself primarily a sculptor. Michelangelo Buonarrati was born in a town called Caprese and grew up in Florence, Italy. Growing up in Florence had a great impact on his life because Florence was the hub of much of the artistic boom that occurred during the Renaissance period. Most of his young life he struggled with his parents between schoolwork and the art he so loved. At age thirteen his father allowed him to become the apprentice of Domenico Ghirlandaio a painter who taught him the art of Fresco painting (painting on wet stucco). At age fifteen he moved into the house of Lorenzo de Medici a leading political figure and patron of the arts. It was during this time he developed a love for poetry, literature and sculpting. He met and studied with Giovanni who taught him the styles of Donatello one of the 15th centuries greatest sculptors. He also learned a philosophy called Neoplatonism- a theory that the body is a trap for the soul that longs to reach out to God. Michelangelo was a very religious man and spent many hours studying the scriptures which had a great influence on a lot of his work. He did very few works that were not religious based in one form or another. He also rubbed shoulders with a lot of very wealthy men as well as leaders of government a...

Sample Short Answer Response for College Admissions

Sample Short Answer Response for College Admissions Many colleges and universities ask an applicant to write a brief essay that elaborates on a high school extracurricular activity or work experience. This might be a supplement for the Common Application or a part of the schools own application. The majority of students choose to focus on extracurriculars, but Joel makes the unusual decision to focus on a rather unglamorous job, working at Burger King. Joels Short Essay on His Work Experience For the past year I have worked part-time at Burger King. Its a job I picked up to help pay for my class trip to Germany. The job is what youd expect -   Im on my feet the whole time assembling burgers, squirting ketchup, and cooking fries. The pace can be frantic at times, and the pay is low. My friends who come into the restaurant make fun of me. The job is neither strengthening my calculus skills nor improving my writing ability. However, I have been surprised by the relationships Ive developed with my coworkers. Some are high school students like me, but others are twice my age working full time and struggling to support their families. When I applied to Burger King I simply wanted a paycheck, but I now am grateful for the opportunities Ive had to build friendships with and learn from people very different from me. Critique of Joels Short Answer Response Joel takes a risk in his short answer response because he describes a job that isnt something most people (often wrongly) would want to highlight. However, Joel makes a couple moves in his response to make it effective. First, he manages to slip in his reason for taking this job -   he wants to travel to Germany. The fact that he is willing to work hard to have this travel experience shows a level of motivation and global interest that should impress the admissions officers. The writing itself is clear and free of errors, and the essay comes in at 833  characters/150 words - the maximum limit for Joels essay prompt. With extremely short essays like this,  the recommended essay   length  should be close to the upper limit. You have so little space to say something meaningful that you should take advantage of the space you have. Had Joels essay had a 250-word limit, he could have provided some more details about the people with whom he worked, and expand upon the lesson he learned from the experience. When it comes to Joels job, he doesnt try to present it as something it isnt. In a somewhat humorous way, he describes the nature of his Burger King employment. Joel is clearly not trying to impress the admissions folks with the job itself. What Joel does reveal, however, is that even the most mundane job can have its own rewards, and that a job is often defined by coworkers more than by the duties of the job itself. Joel doesnt have space in the short answer to explain exactly what he has learned from his coworkers, but we leave his response with the feeling that Joel is someone who is open-minded and can get along with and learn from people different from himself. He is also someone who is willing to work hard for his goals. These are qualities that will be attractive to a college. A Final Word on Short Answer Essays Dont underestimate the importance of the shorter essays a college or university requires as part of their application. While the main Common Application essay is certainly important, it is common - youre submitting that same essay for every school that uses the Common Application. The supplemental essays address specific issues of interest to the specific college. If you fail to follow the best practices for these short essays, you will likely fail to convince the college that your interest is sincere. Work hard to avoid common short answer mistakes. For another example of a good short answer, Christie does a good job in her essay on her love of running. Dougs essay on a business he started, on the other hand, strikes the wrong tone and could end up hurting his application.

Financial regulation in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Financial regulation in the UK - Essay Example Cancellation of numerous professionals regulatory and oversight bodies, and join all regulation in one institution responsibility for the supervision of banks was receive from the Bank of England, and pertains simultaneously with all other statutory financial organisations and markets, Financial Services Authority (FSA). Many other nations have furthermore lately altered the organizational structure of economic regulation and supervision with the general tendency is to decrease the number of institutions. However, there is no general convention was in the details. Masciandaro, D (2002) In specific, while some (including Great Britain, Korea, Iceland, Denmark, Latvia, Sweden, Hungary) adopted a unified set about the bureau (after all, as far as prudential supervision concerned), it was not a universal form, when the change was made. Review of worldwide knowhow shows a broad kind of institutional structures (see Good hart et al., 1998). Some nations have established a lone body for pru dential supervision, while other ones have opted for multiple agencies. Some of them also conceived a lone body. It is shown that the spectrum alternatives, other than either / or alternative, and there is substantial diversity in spectrum and even inside the identical rudimentary model. National dissimilarities contemplate many factors: chronicled evolution, structure, economic scheme, political organisations and customs, and the dimensions of the homeland and the economic sector. Masciandaro, D (2002) Regulatory Approaches The Integrated Approach In a comprehensive set about a lone knob controls all kinds of economic organisations, presents a prudential, and perform of enterprise (also called the buyer protection) regulation. Carmichael, J. (2002) Comprehensive set \ about to eradicate regulatory arbitrage, in alignment to help connection and data distributing amidst controllers organisations, and reinforce the rule making and applications. System with one manager generally create d of two major partitions, the most concentrated on prudential guideline, and the second part of the enterprise guideline and buyer protection. If one manager conceived by blending living one-by-one controllers, although, the vintage purposeful or institutional relatives may stay in place. Carmichael, J. (2002). Those identical persons may finally manage the establishment they are habitually supervised. Thus, the creations of a lone manager, without vigilance to the restructure, which conceives a more sociable and acclimatize interior organisations, are improbable to recognize the full promise of an incorporated approach. Twin Peaks Dual set about of the peaks is founded on two kinds of regulators: prudential guideline and perform of enterprise (consumer protection) of the controller. Although characterised as distinct entities, these two controllers normally use a high grade of coordination, as they are each to blame

Virtual Library Services for Distance Learners A Study on the Essay

Virtual Library Services for Distance Learners A Study on the Importance and Accessibility of the Support Services Available - Essay Example About 75% of colleges and universities in the United States currently offer distance learning courses at some level, with another 10% of medium and large sized institutions intending to do so in the future (Connick, 1999). According to the Western Cooperative for Educational Telecommunications in 2001, "The number of universities in the United States offering online degree courses would be an estimated 34% in the year 2002." Therefore, it is imperative that library resources and services in institutions of higher education meet the needs of all their students, wherever these students are located -- whether on a main campus, off campus, or in distance education programs. Higher learning institutions are able to describe the nature of change for distance learner's library needs, but seem less prepared to describe what changes are needed. College and university librarians are acutely aware that usage of their websites and electronic resources is growing. They observe that, since distance learners need electronic library resources, knowledge about the needs of their student users is limited (Kirby, 1999). As Pennsylvania State University ascertains, "A virtual library is a collection of information that is stored and accessed electronically. The information stored in the library should have a topic common to all the data" (2001). For example, a virtual library can be designed for computer graphics, operating systems, or networks. These separate libraries can be combined under one common interface that deals with computers, but it is essential that the information contained within each library remain separate. The purpose of a virtual library is to provide a central location for accessing information on a particular topic. The last thing a user wants to happen when he/she searches for information about computer graphics is to get information on operating systems. A virtual library must keep topics separate; otherwise it would be totally useless. A virtual library should also have a user interface that is easy to use. Definitions of distance learning vary. According to LaSalle University, in its simplest terms, distance learning takes place when the student and instructor are separated by physical distance (2005). The terms distance education and open learning are synonymous with distance learning. Distributed learning is another synonym, usually referring more specifically to programs where courses are taught online, and collaboration and virtual interaction among students in the same course are encouraged (Connick, 1999). For purposes of this study, distance learning and distance education will be used synonymously to mean that the student and the instructional source are separated by physical distance, that they may interact synchronously or asynchronously, and that course delivery methods include the use of various kinds of current technology. Virtual library and digital library also will be used synonymously to mean that a collection of information is stored and accessed electronically. The profile of a distance learner is one of an older person compared to an average person at conventional colleges and university. Thompson (1998) cites several studies that corroborate that the average age of distance learners lies

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Login sessions expire for two reasons. For your security, your Yahoo! Mail session expires a maximum of eight hours after you have logged in. If you have chosen in your Yahoo! User Information to be prompted for a password more frequently than every eight hours, your session will expire after the specified amount of time. If you do not accept the cookies set on login or your computer is not configured to accept cookies, your session will expire almost immediately. We use cookies (small pieces of site information) to assist us in user authentication and in saving configuration information. Cookies are required for Yahoo! Mail. If you see this message immediately after logging in, you should check the following: Check to see that your computer system time is accurate. Cookies are time sensitive and may not work if your computer date is incorrect by a large amount. Make sure that your browser is configured to accept cookies or that you agree to accept cookies during the login process. Turn off any third party programs or control panels that automatically reject cookies. Login sessions expire for two reasons. For your security, your Yahoo! Mail session expires a maximum of eight hours after you have logged in. If you have chosen in your Yahoo! User Information to be prompted for a password more frequently than every eight hours, your session will expire after the specified amount of time. If you do not accept the cookies set on login or your computer is not configured to accept cookies, your session will expire almost immediately. We use cookies (small pieces of site information) to assist us in user authentication and in saving configuration information. Cookies are required for Yahoo! Mail. If you see this message immediately after logging in, you should check the following:

Mobile Phones are a Menace not a Blessing Essay

Some people think that mobile phones are a complete menace and some think they are a blessing. In this statement I will discuss both sides of this argument. Firstly I will discuss how mobile phones are bad for society and how they are a menace. After this I will discuss how they are a blessing and the good things that they hold. This is a constant issue of debate particularly between this generation and older generations. see more:mobile phones boon or curse essay People believe mobile phones are a menace as they think they have destroyed ‘real’ (face to face) socialising. They believe that because people are constantly in contact with their friends this means that when people meet up in real life they have no socialising skills or cannot hold a conversation the way people used to. A mobile phone can distract you from things that you should be concentrating on. Such as crossing the road, if you mobile goes off in your pocket then you will automatically want to check it, this then takes your attention off crossing a road and could cause you to walk out in front of a car. This can cause a major accident and possibly death. Phones also promote the idea of ‘cyber-bullying’ as people may be able to say things in text form that they couldn’t say face to face. This could also cause fights between friends as one person may take something in a different way than it was meant, sarcasm is something my generation use a lot and it doesn’t travel well via text. Sometimes people get into the way of texting using a text language, where words are shortened to save time. This could then affect your normal spelling for day to day work. Some recent investigations have encouraged the idea that the radio waves given off mobile telephones can produce tumours which therefore cause cancer. On the other hand having a mobile phone can be a great thing. It can help you out in emergencies, say you were stuck somewhere and had no way of contacting anyone, take out your mobile and you have a way of contacting your parents. Mobile phones are a great way of communication to your friends. If something is bothering you all you need to do is text a friend and you have someone to calm you down. Some people say that phones are far too expensive to run. But some of my friends are on excellent deals, Connor gets unlimited free texts after 7.30 and anytime on the weekends, he hardly pays anything. India pays ten pounds a month and gets unlimited free texts and still has ten pounds worth of free calls. Modern phones these days have many many functions. They can be a radio, have the internet, have a music playing function and a camera, they have Bluetooth for sending your friends photos that you have taken very quickly and easily. My Conclusion is that mobile phones are a good advantage to everyday life, you can pick up a simple phones for around fifteen pounds. And then have pay as you go so you manage how much money goes onto your phone at any one time. Personally I find Mobile Phones a great advantage to everyday life. I understand why people may dislike them but I find it unbelievable that they think they are pointless. They are a means of communication even for the school to contact people about sports. If I didn’t have a mobile I would have turned up at school with no one there to tell me a hockey match was cancelled as I was supposed to have found out from a senior player. I believe that mobile telephones are a blessing.

Finance Functions in Manufacturing Company - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2205 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/09/20 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Manufacturing Essay Did you like this example? ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE FUNCTIONS IN AN AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS MANUFACTURING COMPANY AREAS 1. Accounts Receivable. 2. Accounts Payable. 3. Inventory. 4. Direct and Indirect Taxes. 5. Payroll. 6. Treasury Operations. 7. Manufacturing/Final Accounts. Accounts. Activities in Accounts Receivable Function 1. Recording of Invoices based on the Sales made during the day. 2. Recording of Receipts during the day. 3. Passing the credit notes/debit notes and recording the same. 4. Preparing the Account Receivables report on periodical basis and giving the information to the concerned like: a. Aged AR to the Top Management. b. AR-Customer details to the sales/marketing people for collection and other purposes. c. AR-Customer detailed ledger to the Customer for reconciliation purpose. 5. Bad Debts provisions are also maintained and updated regularly. 6. Also the General Ledger Control Account is matched to the sub ledger on periodical basis. Activities in Accounts Payable Function 1. Rec ording of the vendor invoices on daily basis matching the same to the inventory receipts and also to the Purchase orders. 2. Passing the credit notes/debit notes and recording the same. . Updating the Accounts Payable-Vendor wise for the payments made to the Vendors which could be against the invoices outstanding or advance payments. 4. Accounts Payable report updating on periodical basis and using the information for MIS Reports to Management, Treasury Operations etc. 5. Ensuring that the Accounts Payable-Vendor detailed ledger are reconciled to the Vendor statement of accounts. 6. Also the General Ledger Control Account is matched to the sub ledger on periodical basis Activities in Inventory Function 1. Recording of Inventory movements like receipts of materials (Raw Materials, Stores and Spares, Fixed Assets, Consumables etc. ) and issue of the materials to the production/services department. Also, recording the receipt of finished goods from production department and the outw ard movement for sales etc. forms an integral part of the Inventory Function. 2. The inward and outward inventory movements must be matched to the respective Purchase and Sales orders. 3. Physical verification of the Inventory/Fixed Assets must be done on periodical basis and matched to the books. . MIS reports on inventory like ageing of the inventory, valuation etc. must be prepared and sent to the concerned. 5. Ensure that the control accounts in General ledger are matched to the sub-ledgers. Activities of Direct and Indirect Taxes Function 1. The Excise duties records must be maintained as per the Excise Laws and the same must be matched to the books of accounts. 2. The Sales tax/Service tax registers including returns must be prepared, updated and matched to the books of accounts. 3. The income/service taxes must be deducted at source for salaries, sub-contract charges etc. and the TDS certificates to be made and given to the parties in time. Also, the TDS Returns to be prep ared and submitted at the regular due dates. 4. The company’s income tax/gift tax to be computed from the statutory accounts and the return to be submitted within the due dates. Also, the advance taxes to be computed and paid within the due dates. Fringe Benefit taxes are also to be computed and paid at respective due dates. . Tax Audit, International Arms’ Length Prices Audit must be done within the due dates. 6. All the assessments hearings to be duly attended. Activities of Payroll Function 1. The Attendance cards/Time records to be updated in the systems and also the payroll for the workers, staff and management members to be made. 2. Ensure that the salaries and wages are computed as per the laws, contracts and also the same is disbursed in time. 3. Also, the tax deductions are done as per the law is another important function. Bonus computation as per the law is another activity in Payroll function. 4. The control accounts in General ledger to be matched to th e sub-ledgers maintained in the Payroll department. 5. Ensure proper deduction of Provident fund is made and remitted to the Government in time. Activities of Treasury Function 1. Prepare the daily, weekly and monthly cash flow/funds flow statement for the company based on the inputs from the AR, AP, Production departments. 2. Ensure that the working capital availments with the banks are within the limits. 3. Project Management (Fixed assets) is also another important activity in this function. 4. Try to minimize the Interest cost by optioning for various financial instruments. 5. Forex cover, bill discounting/letter of credit facilities, interaction with banks etc. are other activities in Treasury function. Activities in Manufacturing/Final Accounts Function 1. Preparation of the Yearly Budgets, monthly estimates, comparison of the actuals vs. estimates. 2. Preparation of various Manufacturing accounts in Inventory, Production, Scrap etc. including quantitative records. . Compar ison of the Actual Manufacturing results with the Standards and the reasons for the deviations. 4. Preparation of the Monthly Management accounts and Yearly Statutory accounts as per the Companies Act, 1956. 5. Liaison with Internal and Statutory Auditors for preparation of accounts, checking of transactions, scrutiny of records, physical verification of stocks, fixed assets etc. also form activities in this function. 6. Various MIS reports generation like Sales analysis, Overheads analysis, Gross Profit/Product analysis, Costs overruns analysis etc. 7. Preparation of Input/Output analysis, Costing of products, Scrap analysis, Machine Hour output analysis are some of the MIS reports in manufacturing side. 8. Filing of statutory reports with the Registrar of Companies including Fixed Deposits return. 9. Ensuring proper maintenance of accounts by having adequate provisions for expenses, income recognition as per the accounting policies etc. 10. Co-ordination with the secretarial fu nction for Board meeting requirements like monthly/statutory accounts, schedules to the accounts, notes to the accounts, cash flow statements etc. Accounting Standards (ASs) | | | |[pic] | |AS 1 Disclosure of Accounting Policies | |This standard is useful to the company in determining its accounting policies to be followed in the books of accounts and | |ensuring that it is consistent and adhering to the Companies Act, 1956. | | |[pic] | |AS 2 Valuation of Inventories | |This standard deals with the Inventory valuation of the company and suggests different methods like FIFO, LIFO, Weighted average| |methods. The company is following weighted average method. | | | |[pic] | |AS 3 Cash Flow Statements | |This standard suggests the different methods of cash flow statement like direct and indirect methods. | | |[pic] | |AS 4 Contingencies and Events occurring after the Balance Sheet Date | |This standard deals with the transactions and way it should be accounted in the books based on the events, circumstances | |existing after the date of the balance sheet. | | |[pic] | |AS 5 Net Profit or Loss for the period, Prior Period Items and Changes in Accounting Policies | |This standard deals with any changes to the accounting policies that the company adopts and also how to deal with certain | |expenses/transactions which will have revenue/capital impact or might be relating to different periods. | | |[pic] | |AS 6 Depreciation Accounting | |This standard gives out the various depreciation methods like straight line method, written down value method to be adopted and | |will be consistent to the Companies Act, 1956. | | |[pic] | |AS 8 Accounting for Research and Development | |This deals with the transactions relating to research and development nature and also the disclosure of the same in statutory | |accounts. | | |[pic] | |AS 9 Revenue Recognition | |This standard helps in recognizing the revenue items and also the stage at which the same should be taken as revenu e. | | |[pic] | |AS 10 Accounting for Fixed Assets | |This standard deals with the norms for accounting of the Fixed assets of the company and the recognition of the same. | | |[pic] | |AS 11 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates (revised 2003), | |AS 11 deals with the transactions relating out of Foreign Exchange fluctuations and the dealing of the same in the books of | |accounts. | | |[pic] | |AS 13 Accounting for Investments | |This standard deals with the accounting of the investments made by the company which might be of trading or non-trading nature. | | |[pic] | |AS 15 (revised 2005) Employee Benefits | |This standard deals with the recognition of the transactions relating to the employees including the terminal benefits like | |gratuity, superannuation etc. | | |[pic] | |AS 16 Borrowing Costs | |This standard deals with accounting of the borrowing costs incurred for borrowing of external funds and does not deal with the | |equity funds. | | | | |[pic] | |AS 17 Se gment Reporting | |This standard deals with principles for reporting financial information, about the different types of products and services an | |enterprise produces and the different geographical areas in which it operates. | | | | |[pic] | |AS 18, Related Party Disclosures | |The | |(a) related party relationships; and | |(b) transactions between a reporting enterprise and its related parties. | | | | | |[pic] | |AS 19 Leases | |for lessees and lessors, the appropriate accounting policies and disclosures in relation to finance leases and operating leases. | | | | |[pic] | |AS 20 Earnings Per Share | |The objective of this Statement is to prescribe principles for the determination | |and presentation of earnings per share which will improve comparison of | |performance among different enterprises for the same period and among | |different accounting periods for the same enterprise. The focus of this | |Statement is on the denominator of the earnings per share calculation. Even | |though earnings per share data has limitations because of different accounting | |policies used for determining ‘earnings’, a consistently determined denominator | |enhances the quality of financial reporting. | | | | |[pic] | |AS 21 Consolidated Financial Statements | | | |The objective of this Statement is to lay down principles and procedures for | |preparation and presentation of consolidated financial statements. | |Consolidated financial statements are presented by a parent (also known as | |holding enterprise) to provide financial information about the economic | |activities of its group. These statements are intended to present financial | |information about a parent and its subsidiary(ies) as a single economic entity | |to show the economic resources controlled by the group, the obligations of | |the group and results the group achieves with its resources. | | | | | |[pic] | |AS 22 Accounting for Taxes on Income. | |The objective of this Statement is to pr escribe accounting treatment for taxes | |on income. Taxes on income is one of the significant items in the statement | |of profit and loss of an enterprise. In accordance with the matching concept, | |taxes on income are accrued in the same period as the revenue and expenses | |to which they relate. Matching of such taxes against revenue for a period | |poses special problems arising fromthe fact that in a number of cases, taxable | |income may be significantly different from the accounting income. This | |divergence between taxable income and accounting income arises due to | |two main reasons. Firstly, there are differences between items of revenue | |and expenses as appearing in the statement of profit and loss and the items | |which are considered as revenue, expenses or deductions for tax purposes. | |Secondly, there are differences between the amount in respect of a particular | |item of revenue or expense as recognised in the statement of profit and loss | |and the cor responding amount which is recognised for the computation of | |taxable income. | | | | |[pic] | |AS 26 Intangible Assets | |The objective of this Statement is to prescribe the accounting treatment for | |intangible assets that are not dealt with specifically in another Accounting | |Standard. This Statement requires an enterprise to recognise an intangible | |asset if, and only if, certain criteria are met. The Statement also specifies | |how to measure the carrying amount of intangible assets and requires certain | |disclosures about intangible assets. | | | | |[pic] | |AS 28 Impairment of Assets | |The objective of this Statement is to prescribe the procedures that an | |enterprise applies to ensure that its assets are carried at no more than their | |recoverable amount. An asset is carried atmore than its recoverable amount | |if its carrying amount exceeds the amount to be recovered through use or | |sale of the asset. If this is the case, the asset is described as impaired and | |this Statement requires the enterprise to recognise an impairment loss. This | |Statement also specifies when an enterprise should reverse an impairment | |loss and it prescribes certain disclosures for impaired assets. | | | | |[pic] | |AS 29 Provisions,Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets | |The objective of this Statement is to ensure that appropriate recognition | |criteria and measurement bases are applied to provisions and contingent | |liabilities and that sufficient information is disclosed in the notes to the financial | |statements to enable users to understand their nature, timing and amount. | |The objective of this Statement is also to lay down appropriate accounting | |for contingent assets. | | | | |[pic] | |AS 31, Financial Instruments: Presentation | |objective of this Standard is to establish principles for presenting financial | |instruments as liabilities or equity and for offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities. It | |applies to the classification of financial instruments, from the perspective of the issuer, into | |financial assets, financial liabilities and equity instruments; the classification of related interest, | |dividends, losses and gains; and the circumstances in which financial assets and financial | |liabilities should be offset. | |2. The principles in this Standard complement the principles for recognising and measuring | |financial assets and financial liabilities in Accounting Standard (AS) 30, Financial Instruments: | |Recognition and Measurement and for disclosing information about them in Accounting | |Standard (AS) 32, Financial Instruments: Disclosures4. | | | | | | | | | | | | | List of Guidance Notes on Accounting Aspects | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Terms Used in Financial Statements | | | |[pic] | |Mode of Valuation of Fixed Assets | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Treatment of Reserves Created on Revaluation of Fixed Assets | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Accrual Basis of Accou nting | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Accounting for Depreciation in Companies | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Accounting for Leases | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Accounting for Corporate Dividend Tax | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Accounting Treatment for Excise Duty | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Accounting for State-level Value Added Tax | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Accounting for Fringe Benefits Tax | | | |[pic] | |Guidance Note on Accounting for Credit Available in Respect of Minimum Alternative Tax under the Income-tax Act, 1961 | | | | | | | Don’t waste time! 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